MIV04-1-B1亿问如触电

MIV04-1-B1亿问如触电
显卡是插在主板上的扩展槽里的（一般是PCI-E插槽，此前还有AGP、PCI、ISA等插槽）。它主要负责把主机向显示器发出的显示信号转化为一般电气信号，使得显示器能明白个人计算机在让它做什么。显卡主要由显卡主板、显示芯片、显示存储器、散热器（散热片、风扇）等部分组成。显卡的主要芯片叫“显示芯片”（Video chipset，也叫GPU或VPU，图形处理器或视觉处理器），是显卡的主要处理单元。显卡上也有和计算机存储器相似的存储器，称为“显示存储器”，简称显存。 [2]
早期的显卡只是单纯意义的显卡，只起到信号转换的作用；我们一般使用的显卡都带有3D画面运算和图形加速功能，所以也叫做“图形加速卡”或“3D加速卡”。PC上早的显卡是IBM在1981年推出的5150个人计算机上所搭载的MDA和CGA两款2D加速卡。 
显卡通常由总线接口、PCB板、显示芯片、显存、RAMDAC、VGA BIOS、VGA功能插针、D-sub插座及其他外围组件构成，显卡大多还具有VGA、DVI显示器接口或者HDMI接口及S-Video端子和Display Port接口。
配置核芯显卡的CPU通常价格不高，同时低端核显难以胜任大型游戏。集成显卡是将显示芯片、显存及其相关电路都集成在主板上，与其融为一体的元件；集成显卡的显示芯片有单独的，但大部分都集成在主板的北桥芯片中；一些主板集成的显卡也在主板上单独安装了显存，但其容量较小。集成显卡的显示效果与处理性能相对较弱，不能对显卡进行硬件升级，但可以通过CMOS调节频率或刷入新BIOS文件实现软件升级来挖掘显示芯片的潜能。集成显卡的优点是功耗低、发热量小，部分集成显卡的性能已经可以媲美入门级的独立显卡，所以很多喜欢自己动手组装计算机的人不用花费额外的资金来购买独立显卡，便能得到自己满意的性能。 
集成显卡的缺点是性能相对略低，且固化在主板或CPU上，本身无法更换，如果换，就只能换主板。 
独立显卡
独立显卡是指将显示芯片、显存及其相关电路单独做在一块电路板上，自成一体而作为一块独立的板卡存在，它需占用主板的扩展插槽(ISA、 PCI、AGP或PCI-E)。独立显卡的优点是单独安装有显存，一般不占用系统内存，在技术上也较集成显卡得多，但性能肯定不差于集成显卡，容易进行显卡的硬件升级。独立显卡的缺点是系统功耗有所加大，发热量也较大，需额外花费购买显卡的资金，同时(特别是对笔记本电脑)占用更多空间。由于显卡性能的不同对于显卡要求也不一样，独立显卡实际分为两类，一类专门为游戏设计的显卡，一类则是用于绘图和3D渲染的显卡。

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